Problemă rezolvată #39 – cu inegalitatea Minkovski

Fie x1,x2,...,xnR+, nN, n2 x_1, x_2, ..., x_n \in \R_+, \space \forall n \in \N, \space n \geq 2 . Să se arate că:

(1+x2x1)2+(1+x3x2)2+...+(1+xnxn1)2+(1+x1xn)24n\Big(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1}\Big)^2 + \Big(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}\Big)^2 +...+\Big(1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1} }\Big)^2 +\Big(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}}\Big)^2 \geq 4 \cdot n

Pentru demonstrarea inegalității vom considera următoarea inegalitate Minkovski:

()ai,biR+,  i=1,na1a2...ann+b1b2...bnn  (a1+b1)...(an+bn)n\\(\forall)a_i, b_i\in\R_+,\; i= \overline {1,n} \\[1em] \sqrt[n]{a_1\cdot a_2 \cdot ... \cdot a_n} + \sqrt[n]{b_1\cdot b_2 \cdot ... \cdot b_n}\leq \\\;\\ \leq \sqrt[n]{(a_1+b_1)\cdot ... \cdot(a_n+b_n)}

Știm că: x1,x2,...,xnR+ x_1, x_2, ..., x_n \in \R_{+} deci xixjR+;i,j=1,n \frac{x_i}{x_j} \in \R_{+}; \forall i, j= \overline {1,n} atunci:

11...11n+x2x1x3x2...xnxn1x1xnn  (1+x2x1)(1+x3x2)...(1+xnxn1)(1+x1xn)n    1n+1n(1+x2x1)(1+x3x2)...(1+xnxn1)(1+x1xn)n    2(1+x2x1)(1+x3x2)...(1+xnxn1)(1+x1xn)n\sqrt[n]{1\cdot 1\cdot ... \cdot 1\cdot 1} + \sqrt[n]{\frac{\bcancel{x_2}}{x_1}\cdot\frac{\bcancel{x_3}}{\bcancel{x_2}} \cdot ... \cdot \frac{\bcancel{x_n}}{\bcancel{x_{n-1}}} \cdot\frac{x_1}{\bcancel{x_{n}}}}\leq \\\;\\ \leq \sqrt[n]{(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1})\cdot(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}) \cdot ... \cdot (1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1}})\cdot(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}})} \iff \\[2em] \sqrt[n]{1}+\sqrt[n]{1} \leq \sqrt[n]{(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1})\cdot(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}) \cdot ... \cdot (1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1}})\cdot(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}})} \iff \\[2em] 2 \leq \sqrt[n]{(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1})\cdot(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}) \cdot ... \cdot (1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1}})\cdot(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}})}

Dar știm de-asemena din inegalitatea mediilor, că media geometrică este mai mică decât media pătratică deci:

(1+x2x1)(1+x3x2)...(1+xnxn1)(1+x1xn)n(1+x2x1)2+(1+x3x2)2+...+(1+xnxn1)2+(1+x1xn)2n{\sqrt[n]{(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1})\cdot(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}) \cdot ... \cdot (1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1}})\cdot(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}})}} \leq \\[2em]\\[2em] \leq \sqrt[]{\frac{\Big(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1}\Big)^2 + \Big(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}\Big)^2 +...+\Big(1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1} }\Big)^2 +\Big(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}}\Big)^2}{n}}

Deci:

2(1+x2x1)2+(1+x3x2)2+...+(1+xnxn1)2+(1+x1xn)2n    4n(1+x2x1)2+(1+x3x2)2+...+(1+xnxn1)2+(1+x1xn)22 \leq \sqrt[]{\frac{\Big(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1}\Big)^2 + \Big(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}\Big)^2 +...+\Big(1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1} }\Big)^2 +\Big(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}}\Big)^2}{n}} \iff \\[2em] 4\cdot n \leq \Big(1+\frac{x_2}{x_1}\Big)^2 + \Big(1+\frac{x_3}{x_2}\Big)^2 +...+\Big(1+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1} }\Big)^2 +\Big(1+\frac{x_1}{x_{n}}\Big)^2

q.e.d

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